46 research outputs found
Semi-autonomous Intersection Collision Avoidance through Job-shop Scheduling
In this paper, we design a supervisor to prevent vehicle collisions at
intersections. An intersection is modeled as an area containing multiple
conflict points where vehicle paths cross in the future. At every time step,
the supervisor determines whether there will be more than one vehicle in the
vicinity of a conflict point at the same time. If there is, then an impending
collision is detected, and the supervisor overrides the drivers to avoid
collision. A major challenge in the design of a supervisor as opposed to an
autonomous vehicle controller is to verify whether future collisions will occur
based on the current drivers choices. This verification problem is particularly
hard due to the large number of vehicles often involved in intersection
collision, to the multitude of conflict points, and to the vehicles dynamics.
In order to solve the verification problem, we translate the problem to a
job-shop scheduling problem that yields equivalent answers. The job-shop
scheduling problem can, in turn, be transformed into a mixed-integer linear
program when the vehicle dynamics are first-order dynamics, and can thus be
solved by using a commercial solver.Comment: Submitted to Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (HSCC) 201
Branch and bound based coordinate search filter algorithm for nonsmooth nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems
Publicado em "Computational science and its applications – ICCSA 2014...", ISBN 978-3-319-09128-0. Series "Lecture notes in computer science", ISSN 0302-9743, vol. 8580.A mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP) is a problem with continuous and integer variables and at least, one nonlinear function. This kind of problem appears in a wide range of real applications and is very difficult to solve. The difficulties are due to the nonlinearities of the functions in the problem and the integrality restrictions on some variables. When they are nonconvex then they are the most difficult to solve above all. We present a methodology to solve nonsmooth nonconvex MINLP problems based on a branch and bound paradigm and a stochastic strategy. To solve the relaxed subproblems at each node of the branch and bound tree search, an algorithm based on a multistart strategy with a coordinate search filter methodology is implemented. The produced numerical results show the robustness of the proposed methodology.This work has been supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e aTecnologia) in the scope of the projects: PEst-OE/MAT/UI0013/2014 and PEst-OE/EEI/UI0319/2014
Discrete Optimization in Public Rail Transport
this paper occur at the tactical level. Strategic planning focuses on resource acquisition for the period from five to fifteen years ahead. Network planning problems may be viewed as the main strategic issues, but, in order to evaluate possible strategic alternatives, the subsequent stages including at least line planning and train schedule generation have to be considered. The disadvantages of the hierarchical planning are obvious, since the optimal output of a subtask which serves as the input of a subsequent task, will not result, in general, in an overall optimal solution
Optimal Scrap Combination for Steel Production
. In steel production, scrap metal is used for cooling the enormous quantity of heat producedby blowing oxygenon hot metal. Scrap differs in regard to the content of iron and of some tramp elements. The price depends on these attributes. Each melting bath unit of steel has its own material constraints for the amount of iron and tramp elements in order to guarantee the desired quality. In addition, the transportation of scrap is restricted because it needs time and space: the scrap is kept in some railroad cars in the scrap hal
Optimal scrap combination for steel production
In steel production, scrap metal is used for cooling the enormous quantity of heat produced by blowing oxygen on hot metal. Scrap differs in regard to the content of iron and of some tramp elements. The price depends on these attributes. Each melting bath unit of steel has its own material constraints for the amount of iron and tramp elements in order to guarantee the desired quality. In addition, the transportation of scrap is restricted because it needs time and space: the scrap is kept in some railroad cars in the scrap hall; empty cars must leave the hall, filled cars must be taken from several railroad tracks in the scrap yard and assembled to a train before transportation to the hall. There are upper limits for the number of cars in the hall and in the train, also for the number of railroad tracks used for assembly. Our objective is to find a minimum cost scrap combination for each melting bath unit of steel that obeys the material and transportation constraints. We model the problem using a MIP (mixed integer linear programming) approach. Real-life situations are solved with the commercial MIP-solver CPLEX. We present computational results which show significant improvement compared to the strategy applied today